Multiplication and division (T1 W4)
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Today, we will learn about multiplication and division. Multiplication is when we add the same number together several times. For example, if we have 3 groups of 2 apples, we can say 2 + 2 + 2 = 6, or we can write it as 3 times 2, which is 3 x 2 = 6. Division is the opposite; it means sharing or splitting into equal parts. If we have 6 apples and we want to share them among 3 friends, each friend gets 2 apples. This can be written as 6 ÷ 3 = 2.
Let’s look at an example of multiplication. If we have 4 bags with 3 oranges in each bag, we can find the total number of oranges by multiplying. We can write this as 4 x 3. To solve it, we can add 3 + 3 + 3 + 3, which equals 12. So, 4 x 3 = 12. We can also draw 4 bags and put 3 oranges in each to visualize this.
Now, let’s see an example of division. If we have 12 cookies and we want to share them equally among 4 children, we can divide. We write this as 12 ÷ 4. To find out how many cookies each child gets, we can think of it as how many times 4 fits into 12. If we share them, each child will get 3 cookies. So, 12 ÷ 4 = 3.
Let’s practice multiplication together. I will give you 5 groups of 2 stars. How many stars do we have in total? You can either add 2 + 2 + 2 + 2 + 2 or multiply 5 x 2. Let’s count together. (Allow students to respond and guide them to the answer of 10.) Great job! 5 x 2 = 10.
Now, let’s practice division. If we have 15 balloons and we want to share them with 5 friends, how many balloons does each friend get? We can write this as 15 ÷ 5. Let’s think about how many times 5 fits into 15. (Guide students to find that each friend gets 3 balloons.) Excellent! 15 ÷ 5 = 3.
Now it’s your turn to solve some problems on your own. Here are a few: 1) 3 x 4 = ? 2) 20 ÷ 5 = ? 3) 2 x 6 = ? 4) 18 ÷ 3 = ? Remember to show your working. After you finish, we will review the answers together.
Answer: 6
3 groups of 2 equals 6.
Answer: 2
10 ÷ 5 = 2, so each friend gets 2 apples.
Answer: 12
4 groups of 3 equals 12.
Answer: 4
16 ÷ 4 = 4.
Answer: 25
5 groups of 5 equals 25.
Answer: 3
18 ÷ 6 = 3, so each friend gets 3 candies.
Answer: 3
6 divided by 2 equals 3.
Answer: 8
Any number multiplied by 1 equals itself.