Mathematics - Term 1 - Week 4

Multiplication is a way of adding the same number several times. For example, 3 multiplied by 4 (3 x 4) means adding 3 four times: 3 + 3 + 3 + 3 = 12. Division, on the other hand, is the process of splitting a number into equal parts. For instance, if we divide 12 by 4 (12 ÷ 4), we are asking how many groups of 4 can be made from 12, which equals 3. Understanding these concepts helps us see how they are related.

Let's look at the multiplication problem 5 x 3. We can visualize this using groups. Imagine 5 groups of 3 apples each. If we count all the apples, we have 3 + 3 + 3 + 3 + 3, which equals 15. Therefore, 5 x 3 = 15.

Now, consider the division problem 15 ÷ 3. We want to find out how many groups of 3 can fit into 15. If we group the 15 apples into sets of 3, we can make 5 groups. Thus, 15 ÷ 3 = 5.

Let's work together on a problem: 4 x 2. Draw 4 circles and put 2 stars in each circle. Count the total number of stars. How many stars do you have? (Students should find 8 stars.) Now, let's try a division problem: 8 ÷ 2. If you have 8 stars and you want to share them equally between 2 friends, how many stars does each friend get? (Students should find that each friend gets 4 stars.)

Now it's your turn! Solve the following problems on your own: 1) 6 x 2 = ? 2) 12 ÷ 4 = ? 3) 3 x 5 = ? 4) 20 ÷ 5 = ? Remember to show your working clearly. After you finish, check your answers with a partner and discuss any mistakes.

• 7
• 12
• 10
• 15

Answer: 12

3 x 4 means adding 3 four times, which equals 12.

• 3
• 4
• 5
• 6

Answer: 5

10 ÷ 2 equals 5, meaning there are 5 groups of 2 in 10.

Answer: 15

5 groups of 3 equals 15.

Answer: 4

16 ÷ 4 equals 4 groups.

• 2
• 4
• 6
• 8

Answer: 4

8 divided by 2 equals 4.

• 12 ÷ 3
• 5 + 5
• 4 x 6
• 10 - 2

Answer: 4 x 6

4 x 6 is a multiplication problem.

Answer: 9

Any number multiplied by 1 remains the same.

Answer: 3

18 ÷ 6 equals 3.