Mathematics - Term 3 - Week 10

Multiplication is a way to add groups of the same size together. For example, 4 multiplied by 3 (4 x 3) means you have 4 groups of 3. Division, on the other hand, is splitting a number into equal parts. For instance, if you have 12 and divide it by 4 (12 ÷ 4), you are finding out how many groups of 4 can fit into 12. It's important to see how these operations are related: multiplication is the inverse of division.

Let's look at 5 x 6. This means we have 5 groups of 6. We can visualize this with an array: 6 dots in each of the 5 rows. Counting all the dots gives us 30. So, 5 x 6 = 30. Now, let's consider the division example: 30 ÷ 5. This asks how many groups of 5 are in 30. We can also visualize this by grouping the 30 dots into sets of 5, which shows us there are 6 groups. Therefore, 30 ÷ 5 = 6.

Now, let's practice together. I will give you a multiplication problem: 3 x 4. Draw an array with 3 rows and 4 columns. Count the total number of dots you have drawn. Next, let's do a division problem: 12 ÷ 3. Use the dots you drew to group them into sets of 3. How many groups do you have? Discuss your findings with a partner and share your visual models.

Now it's your turn to solve some problems on your own. Complete the following: 1) 7 x 8 = ? 2) 56 ÷ 7 = ? 3) Draw an array for 6 x 5 and count the total. 4) If you have 24 cookies and want to share them equally among 6 friends, how many cookies does each friend get? Show your working clearly and be prepared to explain your reasoning.

• 27
• 12
• 36
• 21

Answer: 27

9 groups of 3 equals 27.

• 6
• 8
• 7
• 9

Answer: 8

32 divided by 4 equals 8.

Answer: 42

6 times 7 equals 42.

Answer: 9

45 divided by 5 equals 9.

• 5 + 6
• 5 - 6
• 5 x 6
• 5 ÷ 6

Answer: 5 x 6

Multiplication represents groups of a number.

• 9
• 8
• 10
• 7

Answer: 9

72 divided by 8 equals 9.

Answer: 6

18 divided by 3 equals 6.

Answer: 32

8 times 4 equals 32.