Multiplication and division (T4 W8)
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Multiplication can be thought of as repeated addition. For example, 4 × 3 means adding 4 three times (4 + 4 + 4), which equals 12. Division, on the other hand, is the process of splitting a number into equal parts. For instance, 12 ÷ 4 asks how many groups of 4 can be made from 12, which is 3. Understanding these concepts helps us see how multiplication and division are interconnected.
Let's solve 5 × 6. We can visualize this with an array: 5 rows of 6 dots each. Counting all the dots gives us 30. Therefore, 5 × 6 = 30. Now, let's look at a division example: 30 ÷ 5. We can think of this as how many groups of 5 can we make from 30. By grouping the dots, we find there are 6 groups. Thus, 30 ÷ 5 = 6.
Now, let's practice together. Solve 7 × 4 using an array. Draw 7 rows with 4 dots in each row. Count the total number of dots. Next, for division, solve 28 ÷ 4. Use a number line to help visualize how many jumps of 4 fit into 28. Discuss your findings with a partner and explain your reasoning.
Complete the following problems independently: 1) 8 × 3 = ? 2) 36 ÷ 6 = ? 3) 9 × 5 = ? 4) 45 ÷ 9 = ? Show all your working clearly. After finishing, review your answers with a peer and discuss any mistakes you made and how you can correct them.
Answer: 42
6 multiplied by 7 equals 42.
Answer: 4
24 divided by 6 equals 4.
Answer: 45
5 multiplied by 9 equals 45.
Answer: 5
15 divided by 3 equals 5 groups.
Answer: 3
12 divided by 4 equals 3.
Answer: 40
8 multiplied by 5 equals 40.
Answer: 6
18 divided by 3 equals 6.
Answer: 42
The product of 7 and 6 is 42.