Mathematics - Term 4 - Week 8

Multiplication is essentially repeated addition, while division is the process of distributing a number into equal parts. For example, 4 × 3 can be visualized as adding 4 three times (4 + 4 + 4 = 12). Conversely, 12 ÷ 4 means dividing 12 into 4 equal groups, which results in 3. Using visual models like arrays for multiplication and number lines for division can help students grasp these concepts more effectively.

Let's consider the multiplication problem 5 × 6. We can represent this using an array: 5 rows of 6 dots each. Counting all the dots gives us a total of 30. Therefore, 5 × 6 = 30. Now, for division, if we take 30 and divide it by 5, we can think of it as how many groups of 5 can we make from 30? The answer is 6, confirming that 30 ÷ 5 = 6.

Now, let’s practice together. I will give you a multiplication problem: 7 × 4. Draw an array to represent this multiplication. Count the total number of dots you have drawn. Next, let’s do a division problem: 28 ÷ 4. Use a number line to show how many times 4 fits into 28. Share your findings with a partner and discuss your methods.

Now it's your turn to solve some problems independently. Complete the following: 1) 9 × 3 = ? 2) 45 ÷ 5 = ? 3) Create an array for 6 × 5 and count the total. 4) If you have 36 candies and want to share them equally among 6 friends, how many candies does each friend get? Show your working clearly.

• 54
• 56
• 64
• 48

Answer: 56

8 multiplied by 7 equals 56.

• 6
• 7
• 8
• 9

Answer: 7

56 divided by 8 equals 7.

Answer: 60

12 multiplied by 5 equals 60.

Answer: 9

81 divided by 9 equals 9.

• 5
• 6
• 7
• 8

Answer: 9

45 divided by 5 equals 9 bags.

• 27
• 24
• 30
• 36

Answer: 27

3 multiplied by 9 equals 27.

Answer: 30

15 multiplied by 2 equals 30.

Answer: 25

100 divided by 4 equals 25.