Mathematics - Term 1 - Week 4

Multiplication can be viewed as repeated addition, while division is the process of distributing a number into equal parts. For example, 4 × 3 can be interpreted as adding 4 three times (4 + 4 + 4 = 12). Conversely, 12 ÷ 4 asks how many times 4 fits into 12, which is 3. Visual models, such as arrays for multiplication and grouping for division, can help clarify these concepts.

Let's solve 5 × 6 using an array model. We can create 5 rows with 6 dots in each row. Counting all the dots gives us a total of 30. Therefore, 5 × 6 = 30. Now, for division, consider 30 ÷ 5. We can think of this as how many groups of 5 can be made from 30. By grouping the dots into sets of 5, we find there are 6 groups, confirming that 30 ÷ 5 = 6.

Now, let's work through a problem together. Calculate 7 × 4. Start by drawing an array with 7 rows and 4 columns. Count the total number of dots. After that, let's divide 28 by 7. How many groups of 7 can we make from 28? Discuss your findings with a partner and share your reasoning.

Complete the following problems on your own: 1) 8 × 3 = ? 2) 24 ÷ 6 = ? 3) Create an array for 6 × 5 and calculate the total. 4) If you have 36 apples and want to divide them into bags of 9, how many bags will you have? Show all your working clearly.

• 56
• 63
• 72
• 81

Answer: 63

9 multiplied by 7 equals 63.

• 5
• 9
• 8
• 7

Answer: 9

45 divided by 5 equals 9.

Answer: 48

12 multiplied by 4 equals 48.

Answer: 6

36 divided by 6 equals 6.

• Multiplication
• Division
• Subtraction
• Addition

Answer: Multiplication

Multiplication is the process of adding a number multiple times.

• 6
• 7
• 8
• 9

Answer: 8

64 divided by 8 equals 8.

Answer: 5

50 divided by 10 equals 5 candies per friend.

Answer: 45

15 multiplied by 3 equals 45.