Mathematics - Term 4 - Week 8

Multiplication can be thought of as repeated addition. For example, 4 × 3 means adding 4 three times (4 + 4 + 4). Division, on the other hand, is the process of splitting a number into equal parts. For instance, 12 ÷ 3 asks how many groups of 3 can be made from 12. Visual models, such as arrays for multiplication and number lines for division, can help illustrate these concepts clearly.

Let's calculate 6 × 4 using an array model. We can create 6 rows with 4 dots in each row. Counting all the dots gives us 24. Therefore, 6 × 4 = 24. This shows how multiplication combines groups of equal size.

For the division problem 20 ÷ 5, we can use a number line. Starting at 0, we make jumps of 5 until we reach 20. We find that we can make 4 jumps. Thus, 20 ÷ 5 = 4, indicating that 20 can be divided into 4 equal groups of 5.

Now, let's work through some problems together. First, calculate 7 × 3. Think of it as adding 7 three times. Next, for 30 ÷ 6, use a number line to find how many groups of 6 fit into 30. Discuss your thought process with a partner and share your answers with the class.

Complete the following problems on your own: 1) 8 × 5 = ? 2) 45 ÷ 9 = ? 3) 12 × 6 = ? 4) 36 ÷ 4 = ? Show all your working clearly. After finishing, review your answers with a peer and discuss any mistakes.

• 56
• 63
• 72
• 81

Answer: 63

9 multiplied by 7 equals 63.

• 4
• 5
• 6
• 7

Answer: 5

50 divided by 10 equals 5.

Answer: 60

15 multiplied by 4 equals 60.

Answer: 9

81 divided by 9 equals 9.

• 3
• 4
• 5
• 6

Answer: 5

25 divided by 5 equals 5.

• 66
• 72
• 78
• 84

Answer: 72

12 multiplied by 6 equals 72.

Answer: 6

36 divided by 6 equals 6.

Answer: 56

7 multiplied by 8 equals 56.